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1. Abbreviation of ventilator parameters
I. Function and indications of ventilator
1. Function: Replace and improve external respiration, reduce respiratory work. (If the primary and secondary types improve ventilation function, their ability to improve ventilation function is limited) 2. Indications: respiratory insufficiency, respiratory failure; Alternative treatments for irreversible damage to respiratory muscles and nerves; Respiratory support for critically ill patients; Intraoperative and postoperative patients, etc.
II. Composition, Drive, and Principle of Ventilator
1. Components:
(1) Ventilator: Positive pressure breathing controller, ventilation mode controller, continuous airflow controller, air oxygen mixer, pressure sensor, flow sensor, end expiratory positive pressure generator, trigger device, valve system, alarm and monitoring device, etc. (controlled by microcomputer and circuit, etc.).
.(2) Air compressor: does not need to work when the center is supplied with air.
(3) External piping system: Inhalation tube, humidifier, expiratory tube, water collection cup
2. Drive and regulation mode:
(1) Electric control: No air compressor is required, and the drive and regulation are all controlled by the power supply.
.(2) Pneumatic control: requires air and oxygen sources, and adjusts parameters of logic components.
(3) Pneumatic and electronic control: the driving and adjustment methods of most contemporary ventilators
3. Working principle:
(1) Switching mode: the way of switching from inhalation to exhalation.
. Divided into: time, flow rate, pressure, capacity switching(2) restriction method: the w
(3) Trigger method: The method of transitioning from exhalation to inhalation. Divided into: machine control (time triggered) and patient triggered (flow triggered and pressure triggered).
III. Debugging and Monitoring of Ventilator
1. Detection of Ventilator: Depending on the type of ventilator 2. Control Part:
(1) Mode Selection: According to the needs of the condition
(2) Parameter Adjustment: ① Tidal Volume: 8-15ml/kg;
; Constant volume: VT=Flow × Ti (set two out of three); Constant pressure: C=Δ V/Δ P (Inspirator Pressure is set based on the monitored tidal volume) ② Inhalation time: Ti=60/RR, with a general inspiratory to expiratory ratio (I: E) of 1:1.5~2; Inhalation pause time: belongs to inhalation time, generally set to 10% of the respiratory cycle (should be<20%) ③ Inhalation flow rate: Peak Flow key; Flow velocity waveform: increasing, sine wave, square wave, decreasing ④ Ventilation frequency (RR): close to physiological frequency ⑤ Oxygen concentration (FiO2, 21%~100%): As long as PaO2/FiO2 is satisfactory, FiO2 should be as low as possible, and FiO2 above 60% is considered high concentration oxygen ⑥ Trigger sensitivity: The pressure trigger level is generally 0.5-1.5cmH2O at the base pressure of the excavation code; The flow rate trigger level is generally 1-3 L/min under the baseline airflow. 7. Exhalation sensitivity (Esens): generally set at 20-25%. 8. Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP): physiological level is 3-5 cmH2O. 9. Pressure support: initial level 10-15 cmH2O. 9. Pressure s
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